Staining techniques which demonstrate structural transverse banding patterns are revealing less gross abnormalities and variations in chromosomes and proving valuable in relating normal and abnormal genes to particular sites on individual chromosomes ( gene mapping ) 显示染色体结构横带构型的染色体技术可显示较不明显的染色体异常和变异，并证明在说明正常和异常基因与各个染色体特殊位置之间的关系（绘制基因图方面）是有价值的。
